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Credits

"Reflections on the Motive Power of Heat" by Sadi Carnot (approx 1820 in French, 1897 English),
and "An Account of Carnot's Theory" by Sir William Thomson (better known as Lord Kelvin), 1897 
Fathers of Thermodynamics and the Science of Heat Engines.

Thanks to www.archive.org for pdf of original scan of "Reflections on the Motive Power of Heat".

Clip Art (Water Wheel) Courtesy Florida Center for Instructional Technology Clipart ETC

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Wikepedia was a valuable resource for rapidly scanning a cross section of Physics texts, and shows the wide disparity between different sources for fundamental's such as the Laws of Thermodynamics. We are grateful for the service provided. Wikepedia shows an accurate snapshot of 2012 Physics Texts and University teaching, which are often incorrect or contradictory.

Excerpts of "Josiah Willard Gibbs, the History of a Great Mind", Yale University Press, by Lynde Phelps Wheeler, were a great help in second sourcing facts and showing some additional work by Lord Kelvin. They can be found at thermohistory.org.